Freud's Papers
The Michigan Psychoanalytic Council

Karin Ahbel-Rappe, Ph.D

Schedule of readings

Freud’s papers Fall 2006

Week 1 No assigned reading. Please compose a brief biographical sketch of Freud’s life using the sources of your choice.

Week 2 * Studies on hysteria (J. Breuer and S. Freud): read ‘Preliminary Communication’, and the cases of Katarina and Elisabeth (v. 2 Standard Edition)

Week 3 ^‘Neuro-psychoses of defense’, ‘Further remarks on the neuro-psychoses of defense’, ‘The aetiology of hysteria’ ( all in v. 3 S.E.)

Week 4 * Three essays on the theory of sexuality (v. 7 S.E.)

Week 5 ^The psycho-analytic view of psychogenic disturbance of vision’, *Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis: read chapters (17, 18, 19) 22, 23, (v. 22, S.E.); ‘^Formulations on the two principles of mentaL functioning (v. 12, S.E. + p. 480, pp. 364-368.)

Week 6 * Introductory lectures on psychoanalysis: p. 408-420; A special type of object choice made by men’, ‘On the universal tendency to debasement in the sphere of love’ (all in v. 11 S.E.)

Week 7 ^ ‘The unconscious’, ^ ‘Repression’ (v. 14 S.E.)

Week 8 ^ ‘On narcissism’, ^ ‘Instincts and their vicissitudes’ (v. 14 S.E.)

Week 9 ^ ‘Mourning and melancholia’ (v. 14 S.E.),

Week 10 * Beyond the pleasure principle (v. 18 S.E.); ^'The economic problem of masochism' (v. 19, S.E.)

Week 11 * The ego and the id (v. 19 S.E.)

Week 12 * Inhibitions, symptoms, and anxiety (v. 20 S.E.)

Weeks 13-15 TBA

*= text available in paperback; please secure one

^= I will make copies available

This course will study the evolution of psychoanalytic thought from Freud to the present. We will look particularly at what pressures informed the creation of new schools of thought. It can be claimed that most new ideas are created in reaction to the blind spots of prevailing systems of thought. Some believe that new schools of thought have evolved from dissatisfaction with one’s own analysis. Still others have suggested that a sense of competition with one’s analyst has propelled the formulation of innovative thought. We will keep these ideas in mind as we progress from Freud’s theory of personality and system of psychoanalysis to contemporary Freudian thought, object relations, self-psychology, interpersonal theory and relational theory.

As we read our way from the Freud to the twenty-first century we will look at pressures and input from other fields such as post-modern philosophy, political systems, quantum physics, relativity theory, economics, etc to further understand the evolution of analytic thinking.

Week 1-4. OBJECT RELATIONS IN PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY, Greenberg and Mitchell, 1983.

Selected Chapters from CASSANDRAS DAUGHTER, THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, Joseph Schwartz. 1999.

Week 12-15. Selected Chapters from the following books: WAY BEYOND FREUD: POSTMODERN PSYCHOANALYSIS OBSERVED, (ED.) J. Reppen, J. Tucker, M.A. Schulman: BRINGING THE PLAGUE, TOWARD A POSTMODERN PSYCHOANALYSIS, (ed.) Fairfield, Layton and Stack, 2002: MY LIFE IN THEORY, L. Rangell, 2004.

Note: The above readings are subject to change based on time and the interest of class participants.

Case material will be used to further enhance the candidates understanding of psychoanalytic technique and theory. Special attention will be paid to understanding the transference and countertransference. One case will be followed throughout the year. Selected readings on transference and countertransference will be assigned and utilized in the discussion of the case.

This two-semester class will oscillate between present and past conceptualizations of the fundamental dynamic and complex processes of transference/countertransference, between in depth discussion of readings and clinical material (the instructor’s and class participants’), between adult and child and adolescent transference/countertransference, and between the instructor and guest instructors Teresa Bernardez, M.D, and Brenda Lepisto, Ph.D. We will explore the conscious and unconscious choices that we make in working with transference/countertransference with the hope that we can intervene more mindfully, moving the treatment forward rather than becoming mired in poorly understood stalemates. Even though we seem to have the opportunity of time in this long course, the readings are only a sampling of the vast literature on transference/transference and related topics. We will survey the field broadly by including topics like neuroscience, the real relationship, enactment, projective identification, self disclosure, countertransference as a royal road to understanding our patients’ non-verbal experience, traumatic and sadomasochistic transferences, and race, gender, and culture.

I will distribute a supplemental bibliography of additional important papers that have not been assigned because we will read only one or two papers for each class (with a couple of exceptions) so that there is time to discuss them in depth and also to discuss clinical material. The class begins on Monday, September 11 and continues on 29 subsequent Mondays, with the exact dates to be negotiated on-going. I will have master copies of the readings available for those that I can’t send electronically. I will send you the readings for the first class electronically so please send me your email address when you register for this class ().

Schafer, R. (2003) The Analytic Attitude. New York, Basic Books. Introduction, pp. 3-13.

Harris, A. (2005) Transference, countertransference and the real relationship, Chapter 13, pp. 201-216, in Person, E. S. et al. Textbook of Psychoanalysis. American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Washington, DC.

Esman, A. H., editor. (1990) Introduction, pp.1-14, in Essential Papers on Transference. New York University Press, New York.

Greenson, R. R. (1965) The working alliance and the transference neurosis. PQ 34:155-181.

Clyman, R.H.(1991) The procedural organization of emotions: a contribution from cognitive science to the psychoanalytic theory of therapeutic action. JAPA 39(S): 349-382.

Freud, S. Remembering, repeating and working through. The Standard Edition, Vol. XII, pp. 147-156

Westen, D. & Gabbard, G.O (2002). Developments in cognitive neuroscience II: implications for transference. JAPA 50:99-134.

Stern, D, et al. (1998) Non-interpretative mechanisms in psychoanalytic therapy: the ‘something more’ than interpretation. IJP 78: 903-921

The Boston Change Process Study Group (2002). Explicating the implicit: the local level and the microprocess of change in the analytic situation. IJP 83:1051-1062.

McLaughlin, J. (1981) Transference, psychic reality, and countertransference. PQ 50:639-664.

Fosshage, J. (1994) Towards reconceptualizing transference: theoretical and clinical considerations. IJP 75: 265-280.

Stolorow, R. & Lachmann, F. (1987) Transference—the organization of experience. In

Psychoanalytic Treatment: an Intersubjective Approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: the Analytic

Schwaber,E. A. (1992) Countertransference: the analyst’s retreat from the patient’s vantage point. IJP 73:349-361.

[Brenda Lovegrove-Lepisto, Ph.D. on child/adolescent transference/countertransference]

Lichtenberg, J.D. et. al. (1992) Self and Motivational Systems: Toward a Theory of Psychoanalytic Technique. Hillsdale, N.J., The Analytic Press. Chapter 8: The selfobject experience, pp.122-148. .

Lichtenberg, J.D.(1990) Rethinking the scope of the patient’s transference and the therapist’s counterresponsiveness. Progress in Self Psychology 6: 22-33.

Hoffman, I.Z. The patient as the interpreter of the analyst’s experience. CP 19:389-422.

Casement, P. (1991) Learning from the Patient. New York, N. Y., The Guilford Press. Chapter 15: The experience of trauma in the transference, pp.258-272.

Bollas, C.(1993) Expressive uses of the countertransference—notes to the patient from oneself. CP 19: 1-33.

Trop, J. L. (1988) Erotic and erotized transference: a self-psychology perspective. PP 5:269-284.

Schwaber, E. A. (1998) The non-verbal dimension of psychoanalysis: ‘state’ and its clinical viscissitudes. IJP 79:667-679.

Ogden, T. (1995) Analyzing forms of aliveness and deadness in the transference. IJP 76:695-709.

Ogden, T. (1994) The analytic third: working with intersubjective clinical facts. IJP 75:

Renik, O. (1993) Analytic interaction: conceptualizing transference in the light of the analyst’s irreducible subjectivity. PQ 62:553-571.

Renik, O. (1999) Playing one’s cards face up in analysis: an approach to the problem of self-disclosure. PQ 68:521-539.

Leary, K. (1997) Race, self-disclosure, and “forbidden talk”: race and ethnicity in contemporary clinical practice. PQ 68:163-189.

Hamer, F. M.(2002) Guards at the gate: race, resistance and psychic reality. JAPA 50:1219-1237.

Ferenczi, S. (1949) Confusion of tongues between the adults and the child—the language of tenderness and passion. IJP 30:225-230.

Davies, J. M., and Frawley, M. J. (1992) Dissociative processes and transference-countertransference paradigms in the psychoanalytically oriented treatment of adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. PD 2:5-36.

Wrye, H. K. & Welles, J K. (2001) The maternal erotic transference. IJP 72:93-106.

Wrye, H. K. (1993) Erotic terror: the male patient’s horror of the early maternal erotic transference. PI 13:240-257.

The instructor will provide handouts on basic neurology and other articles that are relevant to the discussions.

1. Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams, Chapter I, brief review; Ch. II, pp. 96-219.

6. Hanna S, “The Function of Dreams”,(1983), in Lansky, M. (1992) Essential Papers on Dreams, NYU: New York ; Meltzer, D. (1976) “Dream Narrative and Dream- Continuity, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 12:423-432.

9. Gabel, S. (1994). Chapter 12 The Development of a Self-Psychological Theory of Dreams. Progress Self Psychology, 10:183-196; Fosshage, J., (1997) “The Organizing Functions of Dream Mentation”, Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 33:429-458.

This course will focus on the practice of Relational Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy. We will spend the first four weeks looking at the evolution of the theoretical foundations of the relational approach. Specifically we will look at the classical dictates of anonymity, neutrality and abstinence and see how relational analysts position themselves and why. We will also consider the paradigm shift from classical to relational theory and explore: How does the new paradigm inform ideas about the analyst’s authority? What are the implications about the analyst’s knowledge? What can the analyst know? How does the analyst know what she/he knows? Is this knowledge discovered or created? How does the analyst position himself/herself in relation to ‘truth?’ How does the analyst experience herself/himself in the analytic setting? How does the paradigm shift inform standards for the analyst’s behavior?

Weeks 1,2,3. Aron, L. (1996), A MEETING OF MINDS: MUTUALITY IN PSYCHOANALYSIS. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. We will read the entire book. Aron provides a historical perspective on the evolution of relational psychoanalysis.

Weeks 4,5,6. Mitchell, S.A. (2000), RELATIONALITY: FROM ATTACHMENT TO INTERSUBJECTIVITY. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. This will provide a theoretical foundation.

Weeks, 7,8,9. Hoffman, I.Z. (1998), RITUAL AND SPONTANEITY IN THE PSYCHOANALYTIC PROCESS. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. We will read the entire book which explicates one application of Relational theory to practice.

Weeks, 10,11,12. Pizer, S. (1998). BUILDING BRIDGES, THE NEGOTIATION OF PARADOX IN PSYCHOANALYSIS. Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press. We will read the entire book which offers another application of Relational theory to practice.

I have intentionally left 3 weeks open to allow for more time on any of the above books. If we follow the above schedule exactly, we will read articles from; RELATIONAL PSYCHOANALYSIS, EVOLUTION OF A TRADITION, VOL 11. (ed.), Lew Aron and Adrianne Harris (2005).

Anyone with questions about the course or further readings can call or e-mail me.

Suanne Zager, MSW, LMSW

Psychoanalysis, Psychotherapy

725 S. Adams Ste 235

Consultation Birmingham, MI 48009

248-593-9276

Psychodynamic Views of Psychosomatics

15 week course

Saturday’s beginning 9/16/2006

1:2:30pm

The field of Psychosomatics is developing and growing rapidly as interest in the relationship between physical and psychological aspects of illness grows. The methods, by which physical illness has been treated by psychotherapists, have changed over the years. A diagnosis of Psychosomatic disorder typically is made when a person has physical symptoms, such as psoriasis, asthma, back pain, or high blood pressure, that appear to be caused or worsened by psychological factors, rather than by some underlying physical disease. This course will introduce the participants to current psychodynamic views of psychosomatic disorders and methods of treatment. Case material will be utilized to further the participants understanding of the readings.

We will focus our attention on 2 specific theories of causes of psychosomatics: Hysterical Conversion Reaction and Alexithymia.

Week 1: Introduction to psychosomatics. Definition. History. The 7 classical psychosomatic diseases.

Week 2: Psychodynamic View of Psychosomatics

-A Psychodynamic View of Psychosomatic Medicine, John Nemiah, MD in Psychosomatic Medicine 62:299-303 (2000)

-Developmental Determinants of Psychosomatic Symptoms, Leonore Foehrenbach, Carolyn Celentano, Josephine Kirby, and Robert Lane in

Mind-Body Problems: Psychotherapy with Psychosomatic Disorders, Janet Schumacher, Editor, Jason Aronson, Inc. (1997)

-The Classical Era of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graeme Taylor, MD in Psychosomatic Medicine and Contemporary Psychoanalysis, IUP, (1987)

Week 3: Psychodynamic Views Cont’d.

- Chapters 1-3 in Theaters Of The Body, Joyce McDougall, W. W. Norton & Co. (1989)

- The Implications of the Specificity Concept for the Treatment of Psychosomatic Patients, Jan Bastiaans, in Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 28: 285-293 (1977)

Week 4: Hysterical Conversion and its relation to psychosomatics.

- Conversion Hysteria, Vegetative Neurosis, and Psychogenic Organic Disturbance, Franz Alexander, MD, in Psychosomatic Medicine: Its

Principles and Applications, W. W. Norton & Co., Inc. (1950)

Week 5: Hysterical Conversion cont’d.

- Symbolization as a Formative Stage of the Conversion Process, Felix Deutsch, M.D., in On The Mysterious Leap From The Mind To

Body, IUP, (1959)

Week 6: Alexithymia and its relation to psychosomatics.

- Emotional Expressiveness and the Psychosomatic Process, Graeme Taylor in Psychosomatic Medicine and Contemporary Psychoanalysis

- Alexithymia and Mind-Body Problems, Janet Schumacher, in Mind-Body Problems: Psychotherapy with Psychosomatic Disorders

Week 7: Alexithymia Cont’d.

- Desomatization and the Consequences of Infantile Psychic Trauma, Henry Krystal, M.D., in Psychoanalytic Inquiry, 17: 126-150 (1997)

Week 8-15: Treatment Issues (Readings to be discussed as class desire and time permits.)

- Skin Communication: Early Skin Disorders and Their Effect on Transference and Countertransference, Dinora Pines, M.D. in A Woman’s Unconscious Use of Her Body, Yale University Press, (1993)

- The Stress Connection: Arthritis and Related Disease, Bertrand Agus, in Mind-Body Problems, Janet Schumacher, Editor.

- Somatic Violence: Cancer and the Psychosoma, Joyce McDougall. Unpublished

- Implications for Technique (Anorexia and Bulimia), Em Farrell, in Lost for Words: The Psychoanalysis of Anorexia and Bulimia, Internet publication

- Psychic Reality and Mastectomy, Suanne Zager, MSW, unpublished

- Pinocchio – a Psychosomatic Syndrome, A. Sellschopp-Ruppett and M. von Rad in Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics 28: 357-360 (1977)

- The Fear of Being Fat and Anorexia Nervosa, C. Phillip Wilson, M.D. Int J Psychoanal Psychother. 1982-1983;9:233-55.

- Anorexia Nervosa: A Psychoanalytic Commentary, Cecil Mushatt, M.D. Int J Psychoanal Psychother. 1982-1983;9:257-65.

- Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Janet Schumacher in Mind-Body Problems

- A Case of Severe Anxiety and Panic Manifested as Psychosomatic Illness, B. Sue Epstein in Mind-Body Problems

- Miscarriages, Michael Eigen, in Mind-Body Problems